To determine the S&P-adjusted FFO-to-debt ratio for ENEL - SPA for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, we apply the standard S&P Corporate Methodology using the provided financial data. **1. Estimate Adjusted EBITDA** * **Reported Operating Profit (EBIT):** 11,193 million EUR * **Depreciation & Amortization (D&A):** 7,447 million EUR (From "Depreciation Amortisation And Impairment Loss Reversal Of Impairment Loss Recognised In Profit Or Loss") * **Reported EBITDA:** 11,193 + 7,447 = 18,640 million EUR * *Adjustment for Non-Recurring Items:* We deduct the non-recurring gain on asset disposals ("Adjustments For Losses Gains On Disposal Of Noncurrent Assets": -355 million EUR in the cash flow, meaning a gain of 355 million EUR was included in profit). * **Adjusted EBITDA:** 18,640 - 355 = 18,285 million EUR **2. Estimate Funds From Operations (FFO)** FFO is calculated as Adjusted EBITDA minus net cash interest paid and cash taxes paid. * **Net Cash Interest Paid:** * Finance Costs Paid: 5,016 million EUR * *Less* Finance Income Received: 2,622 million EUR * *Add* 50% of Hybrid Bond Coupons (S&P treats 50% of the hybrid coupon as interest): 0.5 * 123 million EUR = 61.5 million EUR * Net Cash Interest Paid = 5,016 - 2,622 + 61.5 = 2,455.5 million EUR * **Cash Taxes Paid:** 1,934 million EUR (from "Income Taxes Paid Refund Classified As Operating Activities") * **FFO:** 18,285 - 2,455.5 - 1,934 = 13,895.5 million EUR **3. Estimate Adjusted Debt** * **Reported Borrowings:** * Long-term Borrowings: 68,191 million EUR * Short-term Borrowings: 18,392 million EUR * Current Portion of Long-term Borrowings: 2,835 million EUR * *Total Reported Borrowings* = 89,418 million EUR * **Hybrid Capital Adjustment:** S&P treats 50% of outstanding perpetual hybrid bonds as debt. * 50% * 5,567 million EUR = 2,783.5 million EUR * **Pension Deficit:** S&P adds unfunded pension obligations to debt. * Noncurrent Provisions For Employee Benefits = 2,202 million EUR * **Less Accessible Cash & Equivalents:** * Cash and Cash Equivalents = 11,041 million EUR * Short-term Investments Classified As Cash Equivalents = 78 million EUR * *Total Cash Deducted* = 11,119 million EUR * **Adjusted Debt:** 89,418 + 2,783.5 + 2,202 - 11,119 = 83,284.5 million EUR *(Note: Without precise breakouts and tax shielding available for specific generic standard additions like AROs, we strictly use the given definable figures following S&P baseline formulas.)* **4. Calculate S&P-Adjusted FFO-to-Debt Ratio** * **FFO / Adjusted Debt:** 13,895.5 / 83,284.5 = 0.166843... 0.1668