Step 1 — Relevant industry A2A is an Italian multi-utility/energy group with regulated utility and unregulated power/gas activities. The most relevant provided methodology is Regulated Utilities / Unregulated Power and Gas. For this calculation, the requested S&P-adjusted FFO-to-debt ratio can be estimated using the baseline corporate/S&P-style formulas with available annual report data. Step 2 — Estimate Adjusted EBITDA Reported EBITDA for 2022: - Gross Operating Income / EBITDA = €1,505m The income statement shows: - Result from nonrecurring transactions = €157m This appears to be a nonrecurring gain, supported by cash-flow disclosure of: - Adjustments for losses/gains on disposal of noncurrent assets = -€191m Under the baseline formula, nonrecurring gains are subtracted from EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA: - Adjusted_EBITDA = €1,505m - €157m - Adjusted_EBITDA = €1,348m Step 3 — Estimate FFO Baseline formula: - FFO = Adjusted_EBITDA - cash_interest - cash_taxes Available cash-flow data: - Interest paid classified as operating activities = €75m - Income taxes paid/refund classified as operating activities = €201m So: - FFO = €1,348m - €75m - €201m - FFO = €1,072m Step 4 — Estimate Adjusted Debt Reported financial debt is approximated from financial liabilities: - Other noncurrent financial liabilities = €5,867m - Other current financial liabilities = €1,022m Reported debt: - Reported debt = €5,867m + €1,022m - Reported debt = €6,889m Potential pension adjustment: - Noncurrent provisions for employee benefits = €248m Cash and equivalents: - Cash and cash equivalents = €2,584m Using baseline adjusted debt formula and treating employee benefit provisions as pension-like debt adjustment: - Adjusted_Debt = €6,889m + €248m - €2,584m - Adjusted_Debt = €4,553m Step 5 — Calculate FFO / Adjusted Debt - FFO / Adjusted_Debt = €1,072m / €4,553m - FFO / Adjusted_Debt = 0.235448... Rounded to four decimals: 0.2354