To estimate the S&P-adjusted FFO-to-debt ratio for Italgas S.p.A. for the fiscal year 2022, we follow the prescribed workflow. ### 1. Identify the Industry Italgas S.p.A. is a gas distribution utility. Per the sector descriptions, it falls under **Regulated Utilities**. ### 2. Estimate Adjusted_EBITDA (2022) * **Operating Profit (EBIT):** 583,231,000 EUR * **Depreciation & Amortization:** 444,387,000 EUR * **Reported EBITDA:** 583,231,000 + 444,387,000 = 1,027,618,000 EUR * **Normalizations:** S&P generally adjusts for non-recurring items. The provided data shows "Adjustments For Losses Gains On Disposal Of Noncurrent Assets" = 3,553,000 EUR. We also include Share-based payments as an expense adjustment (often added back in EBITDA): 3,375,000 EUR. * **Adjusted EBITDA:** 1,027,618,000 + 3,553,000 + 3,375,000 = 1,034,546,000 EUR. ### 3. Estimate FFO (2022) * **Adjusted EBITDA:** 1,034,546,000 EUR * **Cash Interest:** The reported Finance Costs were 64,645,000 EUR. The Finance Costs Paid classified as Operating Activities was 59,783,000 EUR. We use the cash-paid figure: 59,783,000 EUR. * **Cash Taxes:** 206,923,000 EUR. * **FFO:** 1,034,546,000 - 59,783,000 - 206,923,000 = 767,840,000 EUR. ### 4. Estimate Adjusted_Debt (2022) * **Reported Financial Debt:** Short-term financial liabilities (591,188,000) + Long-term financial liabilities (5,785,707,000) = 6,376,895,000 EUR. * **Lease Adjustments:** Other current financial liabilities (290,000) + Other non-current financial liabilities (6,283,000) = 6,573,000 EUR. * **Pension Deficit:** Noncurrent provisions for employee benefits = 95,648,000 EUR. * **Total Gross Debt:** 6,376,895,000 + 6,573,000 + 95,648,000 = 6,479,116,000 EUR. * **Eligible Cash:** Cash and Cash Equivalents = 1,391,763,000 EUR. * **Adjusted Debt:** 6,479,116,000 - 1,391,763,000 = 5,087,353,000 EUR. ### 5. Calculate Ratio * **FFO / Adjusted_Debt:** 767,840,000 / 5,087,353,000 ≈ 0.1509307... Rounding to four decimal places, we get 0.1509. 0.1509