Let’s go through the key points that matter for originating a hybrid bond transaction. - A bank would prioritize issuers that either: - Already issue hybrids and might refinance or upsize. - Have low equity ratios, negative earnings, or large capex plans that create a need for equity credit without issuing shares. - Show willingness to access capital markets for equity-like instruments. **Entity A (Redeia)** - Solid net profit, strong operating cash flow. - Equity ratio ~33% (4,894m / 14,782m), quite healthy. - No obvious hybrid in capital structure but strong financials mean less urgency for a hybrid. - It’s more of an investment-grade, plain-vanilla type – unlikely to need hybrid soon. **Entity B (EDF)** - Massive loss in 2022 (–€18.2bn). - Equity fell from €62bn to €46.6bn; equity ratio now ~12%. - Huge capex (€18.3bn) and negative operating cash flow (–€7.4bn). - Already has perpetual subordinated bonds and hybrid structures in place, signaling familiarity with the instrument and likely need to issue more to shore up capital. - Strongest candidate for near-term hybrid issuance. **Entity C (Terna)** - Profitable, equity ratio ~27% (6,169m / 22,803m). - High capex but positive and growing operating cash flow. - Issued €989m perpetual hybrid in 2022 – shows appetite. - Potential for further issuance if capex needs remain high, but less urgency than EDF. **Ranking logic:** 1. EDF – clear financial distress, low equity, heavy funding needs, existing hybrid program. 2. Terna – recently issued hybrid, business profile supports repeat use. 3. Redeia – strongest credit metrics, least likely to need hybrid financing urgently. B,C,A