I need to estimate the FFO (Funds From Operations) / Net Debt ratio for 2022. **Step 1: Estimate FFO** FFO is typically calculated as net income + depreciation & amortization + impairment losses, adjusted for non-cash items. A common approach for utilities: FFO = Cash flows from operating activities + adjustments, or alternatively: FFO ≈ Net Income + D&A + other non-cash charges - gains on asset sales Let me use the cash flow statement approach. FFO is often approximated as operating cash flow before working capital changes. From the cash flow data, I can reconstruct: Starting from operating profit (EBIT) = 11,193M EUR Let me try another approach. FFO is commonly calculated as: FFO = Net Income + D&A + Deferred taxes + Other non-cash items Or more practically from the cash flow statement: Cash flows from operating activities = 8,674M EUR (continuing operations) But FFO typically excludes working capital changes. Let me reconstruct: Cash from operations = 8,674M This already includes working capital changes (increase in working capital of 3,961M was included). Actually, looking at the adjustments in the cash flow: - The cash flow statement shows various adjustments. Let me work backwards. Operating cash flow (continuing) = 8,674M To get FFO, I need to add back working capital changes: FFO ≈ Operating Cash Flow + Working Capital Change (if negative impact) - Working Capital Change Working capital change shown as "Increase Decrease In Working Capital" = 3,961M (this appears to be a use/source) Looking at the components: inventory increased (-2,166M), trade receivables increased (-2,783M), trade payables increased (+1,333M), etc. The net working capital change = 3,961M which likely represents a cash outflow. If working capital used 3,961M of cash, then: FFO ≈ 8,674 + 3,961 = 12,635M... but this seems too simple. Actually, FFO is typically: Operating Cash Flow before working capital changes. So: FFO ≈ 8,674 + 3,961 = 12,635M (if the 3,961 was subtracted in arriving at 8,674) Wait - let me reconsider. The working capital increase of 3,961M seems large. Looking at it: if working capital increased (cash was consumed), then to get FFO we add it back to operating cash flow. FFO ≈ 8,674 + 3,961 = 12,635M EUR **Step 2: Calculate Net Debt** Net Debt = Total Borrowings - Cash and Cash Equivalents Long-term borrowings (2023-01-01) = 68,191M Short-term borrowings = 18,392M Current portion of long-term borrowings = 2,835M Total Gross Debt = 68,191 + 18,392 + 2,835 = 89,418M Cash and cash equivalents = 11,041M Short-term investments classified as cash equivalents = 78M Total Cash = 11,041 + 78 = 11,119M But we should also consider other current financial assets potentially. Let me use a standard approach: Net Debt = 89,418 - 11,041 = 78,377M Or including short-term investments: Net Debt = 89,418 - 11,119 = 78,299M **Step 3: Calculate FFO / Net Debt** FFO / Net Debt = 12,635 / 78,377 ≈ 0.1612 or about 16.1% Let me also consider including discontinued operations cash flow: Total operating cash flow = 8,674 + (-391) = 8,283M FFO including discontinued = 8,283 + 3,961 = 12,244M FFO/Net Debt = 12,635 / 78,377 ≈ 0.161 Using just continuing operations: 12,635 / 78,377 ≈ 0.161 0.16