I need to calculate FFO / Net Debt ratio for 2022.

**Step 1: Calculate FFO (Funds From Operations)**

FFO is typically calculated as:
FFO = Net Income + Depreciation & Amortization + Impairment losses (on non-current assets) - Gains on sale of assets (adjusting for non-cash items)

A common approach is to start from EBITDA and subtract net interest and taxes paid, or start from net income and add back non-cash charges.

Let me use: FFO = Profit Loss from Continuing Operations + Depreciation + Amortization + Impairment (non-current assets)

From the data for 2022 (period 2022-01-01 to 2023-01-01):
- Profit Loss from Continuing Operations: 88,966,000 EUR
- Depreciation Expense: 176,689,000 EUR
- Amortisation Expense: 58,741,000 EUR
- Impairment Loss on Intangible Assets and PP&E: 43,185,000 EUR

FFO = 88,966,000 + 176,689,000 + 58,741,000 + 43,185,000 = 367,581,000 EUR

Alternatively, a simpler approach: FFO ≈ EBITDA - Net Finance Costs (cash) - Taxes Paid

EBITDA = 499,430,000
Net Finance Costs (cash, adjustments for finance costs): 36,573,000
Taxes paid: 91,854,000

FFO = 499,430,000 - 36,573,000 - 91,854,000 = 371,003,000 EUR

I'll use the second approach as it's more cash-focused: FFO ≈ 371,003,000 EUR

**Step 2: Calculate Net Debt**

Net Debt = Total Financial Debt - Cash and Cash Equivalents - Other Current Financial Assets

From balance sheet at 2023-01-01 (end of 2022):
- Non-current financial liabilities at fair value: 0 EUR
- Other non-current financial liabilities: 1,751,255,000 EUR
- Non-current lease liabilities: 150,955,000 EUR
- Current financial liabilities at fair value: 76,644,000 EUR
- Other current financial liabilities: 389,716,000 EUR
- Current lease liabilities: 6,362,000 EUR

Total Gross Debt (excluding leases): 1,751,255,000 + 0 + 76,644,000 + 389,716,000 = 2,217,615,000 EUR

Including leases: 2,217,615,000 + 150,955,000 + 6,362,000 = 2,374,932,000 EUR

Cash and cash equivalents: 392,811,000 EUR
Current financial assets at fair value: 141,568,000 EUR
Other current financial assets: 211,136,000 EUR

Net Debt (excluding leases) = 2,217,615,000 - 392,811,000 - 141,568,000 - 211,136,000 = 1,472,100,000 EUR

Net Debt (including leases) = 2,374,932,000 - 392,811,000 - 141,568,000 - 211,136,000 = 1,629,417,000 EUR

**Step 3: Calculate FFO / Net Debt**

Using FFO = 371,003,000 and Net Debt (excluding leases) = 1,472,100,000:

FFO/Net Debt = 371,003,000 / 1,472,100,000 ≈ 0.252

Using Net Debt including leases: 371,003,000 / 1,629,417,000 ≈ 0.228

A typical approach for this ratio excludes lease liabilities from net debt:

FFO / Net Debt ≈ 0.252 or about 25.2%

<answer>0.252</answer>