Let’s break this down step by step. **1. Estimate Funds From Operations (FFO) for 2022** A common proxy for FFO from the given data is: FFO ≈ Profit/Loss from operating activities + Depreciation & Amortisation – Finance costs + Other finance income – Current income tax expense – Energy Sector Extraordinary Contribution (if considered cash operating). From the 2022 data (period 2022-01-01 to 2023-01-01): - Profit from operating activities = 239,721,000 EUR - Depreciation & Amortisation = 249,276,000 EUR - Finance costs = -67,394,000 EUR - Other finance income = 11,911,000 EUR - Income tax expense = -54,263,000 EUR - Energy Sector Extraordinary Contribution = -28,019,000 EUR FFO = 239,721,000 + 249,276,000 - 67,394,000 + 11,911,000 - 54,263,000 - 28,019,000 FFO = 351,232,000 EUR **2. Estimate Net Debt at end of 2022** Net Debt = Long-term borrowings + Current borrowings - Cash & cash equivalents. From the end of 2022 (2023-01-01 data): - Long-term borrowings = 1,695,362,000 EUR - Current borrowings = 638,944,000 EUR - Cash & cash equivalents = 365,292,000 EUR Net Debt = 1,695,362,000 + 638,944,000 - 365,292,000 Net Debt = 1,969,014,000 EUR **3. FFO / Net Debt ratio** Ratio = 351,232,000 / 1,969,014,000 ≈ 0.1784 0.178