Let's reason through this step by step, following S&P's methodology for calculating the Net Debt / EBITDA ratio.

**Step 1: Calculate EBITDA**

EBITDA is not directly given, so we need to derive it from operating profit ("Profit Loss From Operating Activities") plus "Amortisation Depreciation And Provisions."

From the facts:
- Profit Loss From Operating Activities (2022): 533,800,000 EUR
- Amortisation Depreciation And Provisions (2022): 667,100,000 EUR

EBITDA = 533,800,000 + 667,100,000 = **1,200,900,000 EUR**

**Step 2: Calculate Net Debt**

S&P’s net debt typically includes:
- Short-term and long-term debt (financial liabilities)
- Lease liabilities
- Less: Cash and cash equivalents

From the balance sheet as of 2023-01-01 (end of 2022):

- Noncurrent Financial Liabilities: 5,689,900,000 EUR
- Noncurrent Lease Liabilities: 55,100,000 EUR
- Current Financial Liabilities: 650,100,000 EUR
- Current Lease Liabilities: 21,300,000 EUR
- Cash and Cash Equivalents: 1,942,400,000 EUR

(Note: S&P sometimes also adjusts for other items like pensions, derivatives, etc., but for a basic estimate, we use the main components above.)

Total Debt = 5,689,900,000 + 55,100,000 + 650,100,000 + 21,300,000 = **6,416,400,000 EUR**

Net Debt = Total Debt - Cash = 6,416,400,000 - 1,942,400,000 = **4,474,000,000 EUR**

**Step 3: Net Debt / EBITDA**

Ratio = 4,474,000,000 / 1,200,900,000 ≈ **3.725**

So, the ratio is roughly **3.73**.

<answer>3.73</answer>