To determine Moody's adjusted leverage trend for ITALGAS S.P.A. for 2022, we evaluate the ratio of Moody's Adjusted Debt to Adjusted EBITDA. **1. Adjusted Debt Calculation:** Moody's typically assesses gross debt and includes adjustments such as unfunded pension liabilities (Noncurrent Provisions For Employee Benefits) alongside reported financial debt. *For 2021 (Ending 2022-01-01):* - Short-Term Financial Liabilities: €591,188,000 - Long-Term Financial Liabilities: €5,785,707,000 - Other Current/Noncurrent Financial Liabilities: €290,000 + €6,283,000 = €6,573,000 - Pension Liabilities (Employee Benefits): €95,648,000 - **Total Adjusted Debt (2021):** ~€6,479,116,000 *For 2022 (Ending 2023-01-01):* - Short-Term Financial Liabilities: €142,437,000 - Long-Term Financial Liabilities: €6,402,913,000 - Other Current/Noncurrent Financial Liabilities: €290,000 + €34,000 = €324,000 - Pension Liabilities (Employee Benefits): €69,917,000 - **Total Adjusted Debt (2022):** ~€6,615,591,000 *(Adjusted Debt increased by roughly 2.1%)* **2. Adjusted EBITDA Calculation:** EBITDA can be approximated by taking the Operating Profit and adding back Depreciation, Amortisation, and Impairments. *For 2021:* - Profit From Operating Activities: €583,231,000 - Depreciation, Amortisation, and Impairment: €445,251,000 - **Adjusted EBITDA (2021):** €1,028,482,000 *For 2022:* - Profit From Operating Activities: €641,338,000 - Depreciation, Amortisation, and Impairment: €479,186,000 - **Adjusted EBITDA (2022):** €1,120,524,000 *(Adjusted EBITDA increased by roughly 9.0%)* **3. Moody's Adjusted Leverage (Debt / EBITDA):** - **2021 Leverage:** €6,479,116,000 / €1,028,482,000 ≈ **6.30x** - **2022 Leverage:** €6,615,591,000 / €1,120,524,000 ≈ **5.90x** Because the company's EBITDA growth significantly outpaced its gross debt accumulation during the period, the adjusted leverage ratio decreased from roughly 6.30x to 5.90x. A decreasing leverage multiple signifies an improving profile. Improving